The Fake Approval

Most cryptocurrency users believe the greatest danger is losing a seed phrase, downloading malware, or falling for a phishing website.

But what if the real threat was something you approved yourself?

The Fake Approval explores one of the most misunderstood risks in modern cryptocurrency security: token permissions and unlimited approvals.

Every day, crypto users connect wallets to decentralized exchanges, staking platforms, NFT marketplaces, bridges, token launches, and DeFi applications. In many cases, they approve smart contracts without fully understanding the authority they are granting.

Those permissions can remain active long after the original transaction is forgotten.

Months later, assets can disappear.

No private key theft.
No seed phrase leak.
No obvious hack.

Only a permission that was never properly understood.

In this investigative and practical guide, Konstantin Titov explains how token approvals work, why unlimited permissions became common throughout the crypto ecosystem, and how malicious actors exploit them to drain wallets and steal digital assets.

Inside this book you will discover:

• The difference between ownership and authorization in blockchain systems

• How token allowances and approvals function behind the scenes

• Why unlimited permissions became standard practice across DeFi

• How attackers exploit forgotten approvals and trusted interfaces

• Real-world examples of approval-related crypto theft

• The psychology that causes users to ignore wallet warnings

• Why old permissions can remain dangerous for months or even years

• How to review, manage, and revoke unnecessary approvals

• Practical wallet security habits that reduce long-term exposure

• A structured framework for safer self-custody operations

This book is written for cryptocurrency investors, DeFi users, NFT collectors, traders, self-custody wallet holders, and anyone who wants a deeper understanding of blockchain security.

The Fake Approval is not a programming manual and does not require technical expertise. It explains complex concepts in plain language while helping readers recognize risks that often remain hidden until it is too late.

In cryptocurrency, ownership matters.

But permissions determine who can act.

And sometimes the most dangerous signature is the one you forgot you ever made.